My Cousin Vinny (1992) My Cousin Vinny. (1992) There have been many courtroom dramas that have glorified the Great American Legal System. This is not one of them. Genre: Comedy. Release Date: 1992-03-13. User Rating: 7.4/10 from 1475 ratings. Runtime: 2h 0min.The fish-out-of-water trial drama 'My Cousin Vinny' was a smash hit when it was released in 1992. See what the cast has been up to since its premiere. In this video we will tell you about fact and review of movie My Cousin VinnyNote: This video is for fact knowledge and entertainment purposes only.Copyright... Cast details for My Cousin Vinny. undefined. ... Full My Cousin Vinny Cast ... Box Office: $64,088,552. Movies like My Cousin Vinny. External Links. Wikipedia. Stay up to date! Our free email delivers the daily top 10 TV shows and top 10 movies directly to your inbox. Stay ahead of the trends.1. Vinny Gambini: “Uh, everything that guy just said is bullshit. Thank you.”. Jim Trotter III: “Objection, Your Honor, counsel’s entire opening statement is argumentative.”. Judge Chamberlain Haller: “Objection sustained. Counsel’s entire opening statement, with the exception of ‘Thank you,’ will be stricken from the record ...Two Brooklyn college boys facing murder charges in Alabama hire New York's newest--and most inexperienced--lawyer in this riotous comedy. 18,268 IMDb 7.6 1 h 59 min 1992. X …With Tenor, maker of GIF Keyboard, add popular My Cousin Vinny animated GIFs to your conversations. Share the best GIFs now >>>Two New Yorkers are accused of murder in rural Alabama while on their way back to college, and one of their cousins--an inexperienced, loudmouth lawyer not a...About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright ...Watch the comedy movie about a lawyer who defends his cousin accused of murder. See the plot, cast, reviews and a possible plot hole in the evidence.Full length Reactions + Movie/TV Polls https://www.patreon.com/vkuniaWatch me live on Twitch https://www.twitch.tv/vkuniaAnime Channel https://www.yout...My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff. It stars Joe Pesci , Ralph Macchio , Marisa Tomei , Mitchell Whitfield , Lane Smith , Bruce McGill , and the final film appearance of Fred Gwynne . My Cousin Vinny: Directed by Jonathan Lynn.He looks to his cousin Vinny, an inexperienced and loud-mouthed lawyer, to defend him. Will he be able to prove Bill’s innocence? ... Watch My Cousin Vinny - English Comedy movie on Disney+ Hotstar now. Watchlist. Share. My Cousin Vinny. 1 hr 59 min 1992 Comedy 13+ Bill Gambini and his friend are accused of murder in rural Alabama. He …My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff. It stars Joe Pesci, Ralph Macchio, …Important Disclaimer: These visuals as well as the voices of Vinny Gambini, Jim Trotter III, and Judge Chamberlain Haller, are not my original work. They bel...Start your free trial to watch My Cousin Vinny and other popular TV shows and movies including new releases, classics, Hulu Originals, and more. It’s all on Hulu. Two Brooklyn …Unable to pay thousands of dollars for a lawyer, Bill calls his cousin Vinny. Ralph, 60, has continued to act in television and film roles throughout the years, and most recently his most recent role is a familiar one. Ralph stars as present-day Daniel LaRusso in The Karate Kid television revival, Cobra Kai, which you can stream on Netflix.Comedy 1992 1 hr 59 min. 87% 15+. Starring Joe Pesci, Marisa Tomei, Ralph Macchio. Director Jonathan Lynn. Trailers. My Cousin Vinny. Related. Cast & Crew. JP. Joe …March 10, 2017 @ 3:50 PM. It turns out it wasn’t just the defense that was wrong, as Marisa Tomei so famously recites as spitfire car expert Mona Lisa Vito in “My Cousin Vinny.”. Vito is ...A New York lawyer with no trial experience defends his cousins accused of murder in Alabama. Watch the trailer, see the cast …Thank you for watching my first-time reaction to My Cousin Vinny. I hope you enjoy!Watch full, un-edited reactions or get early access on Patreon: https://ww...Share your videos with friends, family, and the worldMar 3, 2022 · We all need our moms sometimes, even legendary, Academy Award-winning, forever-crush-worthy actors. It’s been 30 years since Marisa Tomei took home a Best Supporting Actress Oscar for her role ... Director Jonathan Lynn. Two pals on a road trip are mistakenly accused of murder. Luckily, there's a lawyer in the family - cousin Vinny (Joe Pesci), who barely passed the bar exam! Comedy. Download or stream My Cousin Vinny (1992) with Joe Pesci, Ralph Macchio, Marisa Tomei for free on hoopla. My Cousin Vinny. Two carefree pals (Ralph Macchio and Mitchell Whitfield) traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. Fortunately, one of them has a cousin who's a lawyer - Vincent Gambini (Joe Pesci), a former auto mechanic from Brooklyn who just passed his bar exam after his sixth try. Vinny's never been in ... My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff. It stars Joe Pesci , Ralph Macchio , Marisa Tomei , Mitchell Whitfield , Lane Smith , Bruce McGill , and the final film appearance of Fred Gwynne . My Cousin Vinny: Directed by Jonathan Lynn.Watch My Cousin Vinny - English French (Parisian) Spanish (Latin America) Spanish Castilian (European) Portuguese (Brazil) German Italian Legal Comedy movie on Disney+ now. My Cousin Vinny - Disney+. My Space. Search. Home. Series. Movies. Originals. Disney+ Hotstar Home. 1992 1h 59m 7 Languages 16+ An inept lawyer must free his …My Cousin Vinny movie clips: http://j.mp/1LDy0fmBUY THE MOVIE:FandangoNOW - https://www.fandangonow.com/details/movie/my-cousin-vinny-1992/1MVfb864a0b044c768...180M subscribers. Subscribed. 3K. Two carefree pals (Ralph Macchio and Mitchell Whitfield) traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. …My Cousin Vinny (1992) photos, including production stills, premiere photos and other event photos, publicity photos, behind-the-scenes, and more. Menu. Movies. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie ... Full Cast and Crew; Release Dates; Official Sites; …Trailer 86%. Flicks. How to watch online, stream, rent or buy My Cousin Vinny in New Zealand + release dates, reviews and trailers. Joe Pesci stars alongside Marisa Tomei (in an Oscar-winning performance) for this comedic legal drama about two young men who must rely on a lawyer cousin to get them out of a charge for a murder they did not commit.It’s been 30 years since Marisa Tomei took home a Best Supporting Actress Oscar for her role in My Cousin Vinny, and now she has no idea where the little gold guy is. But she knows someone who ...Streaming My Cousin Vinny - Comedy film di Disney+ Hotstar. Bill Gambini and his friend are accused of murder in rural Alabama. He looks to his cousin Vinny, an inexperienced and loud-mouthed lawyer, to defend him. Will he be able to prove Bill’s innocence?.New York lawyer Vinny has never won a case. When his teenage cousin Bill and his friend Stan are accused of murder in a backwater Alabama town, it's up to th...Share your videos with friends, family, and the worldSimone & George are reacting to My Cousin Vinny for the first time! Canadians React!For unedited full length version go to https: ...Skip to main content. Watch Peacock. Gift CardsMy Cousin Vinny - watch online: streaming, buy or rent. Currently you are able to watch "My Cousin Vinny" streaming on Disney Plus. It is also possible to buy "My …My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff.It stars Joe Pesci, Ralph Macchio, Marisa Tomei, Mitchell Whitfield, Lane Smith, Bruce McGill, and the final film appearance of Fred Gwynne.The film was distributed by 20th Century Fox and released on March 13, …My Cousin Vinny (1992) Δυο έφηβοι από τη Νέα Υόρκη ταξιδεύουν προς το νότο, όταν μια σειρά συμπτώσεων τους οδηγεί στη φυλακή με την κατηγορία της δολοφονίας. Φυσικά δεν έχουν τη δυνατότητα να πάρουν ...About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright ...My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff.It stars Joe Pesci, Ralph Macchio, Marisa Tomei, Mitchell Whitfield, Lane Smith, Bruce McGill, and the final film appearance of Fred Gwynne.The film was distributed by 20th Century Fox and released on March 13, … My Cousin Vinny (1992) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. May 10, 2019 · #moviescenes #joepesci Show all movies in the JustWatch Streaming Charts. Streaming charts last updated: 5:21:24 pm, 21/04/2024. My Cousin Vinny is 349 on the JustWatch Daily Streaming Charts today. The movie has moved up the charts by 715 places since yesterday. In Australia, it is currently more popular than He-Man and She-Ra: The Secret of the Sword but less ... Mar 3, 2022 · We all need our moms sometimes, even legendary, Academy Award-winning, forever-crush-worthy actors. It’s been 30 years since Marisa Tomei took home a Best Supporting Actress Oscar for her role ... Download free yify movies torrents in 720p, 1080p and 3D quality. The fastest downloads at the smallest size. HD movies at the smallest file size. Home ; 4K ; ... My Cousin Vinny 1992 Action / Comedy / Crime. Download Watch Now. Select movie quality . 720p. WEB. File size. 950.88 MB. Download Magnet. 1080p. WEB. File size. 1.91 GB. Download ...An Oral History of ‘My Cousin Vinny,’” Rolling Stone (Mar. 7, 2022) Welk, Brian, “‘My Cousin Vinny’ 25th Anniversary: Behind the Scene that Won Marisa Tomei Her Oscar,” The Wrap (Mar. 13, 2017) Law on Film is created and produced by Jonathan Hafetz. Jonathan is a professor at Seton Hall Law School.Mar 13, 1992 · A New York lawyer with no trial experience defends his cousins accused of murder in Alabama. Watch the trailer, see the cast and crew, read user and critic reviews, and find out more about this Oscar-winning film. My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff.It stars Joe Pesci, Ralph Macchio, Marisa Tomei, Mitchell Whitfield, Lane Smith, Bruce McGill, and the final film appearance of Fred Gwynne.The film was distributed by 20th Century Fox and released on March 13, … New York lawyer Vinny has never won a case. When his teenage cousin Bill and his friend Stan are accused of murder in a backwater Alabama town, it's up to the nervous Vinny to save him from jail, even though he's only ever tried personal injury cases before, and none of them successfully. My Cousin Vinny. Two carefree pals (Ralph Macchio and Mitchell Whitfield) traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. Fortunately, one of them has a cousin who's a lawyer - Vincent Gambini (Joe Pesci), a former auto mechanic from Brooklyn who just passed his bar exam after his sixth try. Vinny's never been in ... Watch the comedy movie about a lawyer who defends his cousin accused of murder. See the plot, cast, reviews and a possible plot hole in the evidence.Here’s where courtroom comedy My Cousin Vinny is streaming including whether the movie is available on Netflix, Hulu or Amazon Prime.My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 comedy helmed by British director Jonathan Lynn, whose other comedy credits include murder mystery Clue and satirical sitcom Yes Minister.The film follows its titular …An inept lawyer must free his cousin from a murder charge.About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright ...Weighed down by a dull setup featuring Ralph "Karate Kid" Macchio, the movie gets a much-needed charge from Pesci, a bundle of bandy-legged impudence as Macchio's lawyer cousin, Vincent Gambini ... Available on iTunes, Disney+. New York lawyer Vinny has never won a case. When his teenage cousin Bill and his friend Stan are accused of murder in a backwater Alabama town, it's up to the nervous Vinny to save him from jail, even though he's only ever tried personal injury cases before, and none of them successfully. Comedy 1992 1 hr 59 min. 87%. Weighed down by a dull setup featuring Ralph "Karate Kid" Macchio, the movie gets a much-needed charge from Pesci, a bundle of bandy-legged impudence as Macchio's lawyer cousin, Vincent Gambini ...New York lawyer Vinny has never won a case. When his teenage cousin Bill and his friend Stan are accused of murder in a backwater Alabama town, it's up to th...My Cousin Vinny. 1992 Comedy. 75%. When sweet Northern college kid Bill (Ralph Macchio) and his buddy Stan (Mitchell Whitfield) are picked up and thrown into the slammer in a hick Southern town ...My Cousin Vinny (1992) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. Menu. Movies. ... Full Cast & Crew. See agents for this cast & crew on IMDbPro Directed by . Jonathan Lynn ... (directed by) Writing Credits Dale Launer ...Jul 25, 2000 · My husband finally saw My Cousin Vinny on FX one night and loved it. He saw it again the following night on the same channel and became so obsessed, I decided to surprise him and ordered it. Joe Pesci is the typical mafioso type and yet a vulnerable. With Marisa Tomei’s performance you can definitely see why she earned her academy award ! Watch My Cousin Vinny - English French (Parisian) Spanish (Latin America) Spanish Castilian (European) German Portuguese (Brazil) Italian Legal Comedy movie on Disney+ now. My Cousin Vinny - Disney+. My Space. Search. Home. Series. Movies. Originals. Disney+ Hotstar Home. 1992 1h 59m 7 Languages 16+ An inept lawyer must free his …Trailer 86%. Flicks. How to watch online, stream, rent or buy My Cousin Vinny in New Zealand + release dates, reviews and trailers. Joe Pesci stars alongside Marisa Tomei (in an Oscar-winning performance) for this comedic legal drama about two young men who must rely on a lawyer cousin to get them out of a charge for a murder they did not commit.Important Disclaimer: These visuals as well as the voices of Vinny Gambini, Jim Trotter III, and Judge Chamberlain Haller, are not my original work. They bel...He placed it in his pocket because his hands were full. 4. Ralph Macchio is best known for what series of movies? Answer: Karate Kid. Academy Award nominated actress Elizabeth Shue played his girlfriend in the first 'Karate Kid' film. 5. How many times did Vinny take the bar exam? Answer: 6 times.Streaming My Cousin Vinny - Comedy film di Disney+ Hotstar. Bill Gambini and his friend are accused of murder in rural Alabama. He looks to his cousin Vinny, an inexperienced and loud-mouthed lawyer, to defend him. Will he be able to prove Bill’s innocence?.New York lawyer Vinny has never won a case. When his teenage cousin Bill and his friend Stan are accused of murder in a backwater Alabama town, it's up to the nervous Vinny to save him from jail, even though he's only ever tried personal injury cases before, and none of them successfully.Full Review | Original Score: 4/5 | Aug 6, 2019. My Cousin Vinny slumps badly as the courtroom scenes drag on; but when Tomei is on screen, even the jury wakes up. Full Review | Jan 4, 2018. Vinny ...My Cousin Vinny. Two carefree pals (Ralph Macchio and Mitchell Whitfield) traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. Fortunately, one of them has a cousin who's a lawyer - Vincent Gambini (Joe Pesci), a former auto mechanic from Brooklyn who just passed his bar exam after his sixth try. Vinny's never been in ...Petit, nerveux et agressif, "Vinny" Gambini, italo-américain de Brooklyn, est un avocat fort en gueule mais totalement inexpérimenté. Sans cesse saisi d'accès brusques de sommeil, Vinny n'a jamais plaidé. Son cousin Bill, accusé à tort de meurtre, lui donne l'occasion de faire ses premières armes. Accompagné de Lise, sa petite amie, Vinny débarque au …Two carefree pals (Ralph Macchio and Mitchell Whitfield) traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. Fortunately, one of them has a cousin who's a lawyer - Vincent Gambini (Joe Pesci), a former auto mechanic from Brooklyn who just passed his bar exam after his sixth try. Vinny's never been in court - or in Alabama - and …My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff. It stars Joe Pesci , Ralph Macchio , Marisa Tomei , Mitchell Whitfield , Lane Smith , Bruce McGill , and the final film appearance of Fred Gwynne . My Cousin Vinny: Directed by Jonathan Lynn.Mr. Tipton: No. Gambini: Oh, oh, oh, I'm sorry, you testified earlier that the boys went into the store and you had just begun to make breakfast. You were just ready to eat. You heard a gun shot. That's right, I'm sorry. So obviously it takes you five minutes to make breakfast. Mr. Tipton: That's right. Gambini: Right, so you knew that. My Cousin Vinny. 1 hr 59 min1992Comedy13+. Bill Gambini and his friend are accused of murder in rural Alabama. He looks to his cousin Vinny, an inexperienced and loud-mouthed lawyer, to defend him. Will he be able to prove Bill’s innocence? Bill Gambini and his friend are accused of murder in rural Alabama. Trailer for Jonathan Lynn's filmVizioneaza filmul My Cousin Vinny – Cu vărul Vinny nu-i de glumit! (1992) Online Subtitrat In Romana la calitate HD. Acest film a avut premiera pe data de Mar. 13, 1992. Genurile acestui film online sunt: Comedie. Doi tineri aflați în vacanță sunt arestați și acuzați de crimă.Two carefree pals traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. Fortunately, one of them has a cousin who's a lawyer - Vincent Gambini, a former auto mechanic from Brooklyn who just passed his bar exam after his sixth try. When he arrives with his leather-clad girlfriend , to try his first case, | Watch full HD movies and tv …My Cousin Vinny (1992)What is a yute?Become a Schmitthead for Full Length Reactions & Patreon Exclusive Polls: https: ...Chicago Film Critics Association Awards. • 1 Win & 2 Nominations. Two young New Yorkers are accused of murder in rural Alabama while on their way back to college, and one of their cousins--an inexperienced, loudmouth lawyer (Joe Pesci) not accustomed to Southern rules and manners--comes in to defend them.Two carefree pals (Ralph Macchio and Mitchell Whitfield) traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. Fortunately, one of them has a cousin who's a lawyer - Vincent Gambini (Joe Pesci), a former auto mechanic from Brooklyn who just passed his bar exam after his sixth try. Vinny's never been in court - or in Alabama - and …Mar 13, 1992 · A New York lawyer with no trial experience defends his cousins accused of murder in Alabama. Watch the trailer, see the cast and crew, read user and critic reviews, and find out more about this Oscar-winning film. The official YTS YIFY Movies Torrents website. Download free yify movies torrents in 720p, 1080p and 3D quality. ... My Cousin Vinny 1992 Action / Comedy / Crime ... A(z) "watch-10377-My-Cousin-Vinny.mp4" című videót "7liwa" nevű felhasználó töltötte fel a(z) "film/animáció" kategóriába. Eddig 7995 alkalommal nézték meg.
Apr 6, 2015 · His cousin Vinny fresh out of law school and little training agrees to defend his cousin and his friend. Vinny faces the no nonsense Judge Chamberlain Haller one of Fred Gwynne's greatest performance worthy of an Oscar nomination. With just his longtime and faithful fiance played by Marisa Tomei. Through blind luck, not only are the accused are ... . Free cam.com
The full cast of My Cousin Vinny Here you will find an overview of the cast of the movie My Cousin Vinny from the year 1992, including all the actors, actresses and the director. When you click on the name of an actor, actress or director from the movie My Cousin Vinny-cast you can watch more movies and/or series by him or her.My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, written by Dale Launer, and produced by Launer and Paul Schiff. It stars Joe Pesci, Ralph Macchio, …On March 13, 1992, 20th Century Fox introduced My Cousin Vinny in theaters, featuring Joe Pesci and Marisa Tomei (who claimed a best supporting actor win at the 65th Academy Awards for her role ...Trailer 86%. Flicks. How to watch online, stream, rent or buy My Cousin Vinny in New Zealand + release dates, reviews and trailers. Joe Pesci stars alongside Marisa Tomei (in an Oscar-winning performance) for this comedic legal drama about two young men who must rely on a lawyer cousin to get them out of a charge for a murder they did not commit. 123movies - Two carefree pals traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. Fortunately, one of them has a cousin who's a lawyer - Vincent Gambini, a former auto mechanic from Brooklyn who just passed his bar exam after his sixth try. When he arrives with his leather-clad girlfriend, to try his first case, it's a real shock - for him and the Deep South! Watch My ... About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright ...His cousin Vinny fresh out of law school and little training agrees to defend his cousin and his friend. Vinny faces the no nonsense Judge Chamberlain Haller one of Fred Gwynne's greatest performance worthy of an Oscar nomination. With just his longtime and faithful fiance played by Marisa Tomei. Through blind luck, not only are the accused … My Cousin Vinny (1992) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. My Cousin Vinny is 670 on the JustWatch Daily Streaming Charts today. The movie has moved up the charts by 314 places since yesterday. In the United Kingdom, it is currently more popular than Monos but less popular than The NeverEnding Story.Chicago Film Critics Association Awards. • 1 Win & 2 Nominations. Two young New Yorkers are accused of murder in rural Alabama while on their way back to college, and one of their cousins--an inexperienced, loudmouth lawyer (Joe Pesci) not accustomed to Southern rules and manners--comes in to defend them.Petit, nerveux et agressif, "Vinny" Gambini, italo-américain de Brooklyn, est un avocat fort en gueule mais totalement inexpérimenté. Sans cesse saisi d'accès brusques de sommeil, Vinny n'a jamais plaidé. Son cousin Bill, accusé à tort de meurtre, lui donne l'occasion de faire ses premières armes. Accompagné de Lise, sa petite amie, Vinny débarque au …My Cousin Vinny movie clips: http://j.mp/1LDy0fmBUY THE MOVIE:FandangoNOW - https://www.fandangonow.com/details/movie/my-cousin-vinny-1992/1MVfb864a0b044c768...Amazon.com: My Cousin Vinny : Joe Pesci, Marisa Tomei, Ralph Macchio, Mitchell Whitfield, Fred Gwynne, Lane Smith, Austin Pendleton, Bruce McGill, Maury Chaykin, ... This item can be returned in its original condition for a full refund or replacement within 30 days of receipt. You may receive a partial or no refund on used, ...Streaming My Cousin Vinny - Comedy film di Disney+ Hotstar. Bill Gambini and his friend are accused of murder in rural Alabama. He looks to his cousin Vinny, an inexperienced and loud-mouthed lawyer, to defend him. Will he be able to prove Bill’s innocence?.Mr. Tipton: No. Gambini: Oh, oh, oh, I'm sorry, you testified earlier that the boys went into the store and you had just begun to make breakfast. You were just ready to eat. You heard a gun shot. That's right, I'm sorry. So obviously it takes you five minutes to make breakfast. Mr. Tipton: That's right. Gambini: Right, so you knew that.180M subscribers. Subscribed. 3K. Two carefree pals (Ralph Macchio and Mitchell Whitfield) traveling through Alabama are mistakenly arrested, and charged with murder. … In MY COUSIN VINNY, lawyer Vincent Gambini fights heroically to save two clients who have everything against them -- including the facts that Vinny isn't from the area, has never been in a courtroom, and only passed the bar exam six weeks ago. 4,733 IMDb 7.6 1 h 59 min 1992. X-Ray. Comedy · Charming · Quirky · Fun. Available to rent or buy ... .